bios

(Basic Input/Output System)

bios function

INT 0x10 = Video display functions (including VESA/VBE)
INT 0x13 = mass storage (disk, floppy) access
INT 0x15 = memory size functions
INT 0x16 = keyboard functions

INT 0x10, AH = 1 -- set up the cursor
INT 0x10, AH = 3 -- cursor position
INT 0x10, AH = 0x0E -- display char
INT 0x10, AH = 0x0F -- get video page and mode
INT 0x10, AH = 0x11 -- set 8x8 font
INT 0x10, AH = 0x12 -- detect EGA/VGA
INT 0x10, AH = 0x13 -- display string
INT 0x10, AH = 0x1200 -- Alternate print screen
INT 0x10, AH = 0x1201 -- turn off cursor emulation
INT 0x10, AX = 0x4F00 -- video memory size
INT 0x10, AX = 0x4F01 -- VESA get mode information call
INT 0x10, AX = 0x4F02 -- select VESA video modes
INT 0x10, AX = 0x4F0A -- VESA 2.0 protected mode interface

INT 0x13, AH = 0 -- reset floppy/hard disk
INT 0x13, AH = 2 -- read floppy/hard disk in CHS mode
INT 0x13, AH = 3 -- write floppy/hard disk in CHS mode
INT 0x13, AH = 0x15 -- detect second disk
INT 0x13, AH = 0x41 -- test existence of INT 13 extensions
INT 0x13, AH = 0x42 -- read hard disk in LBA mode
INT 0x13, AH = 0x43 -- write hard disk in LBA mode

INT 0x12 -- get low memory size
INT 0x15, EAX = 0xE820 -- get complete memory map
INT 0x15, AX = 0xE801 -- get contiguous memory size
INT 0x15, AX = 0xE881 -- get contiguous memory size
INT 0x15, AH = 0x88 -- get contiguous memory size

INT 0x15, AH = 0xC0 -- Detect MCA bus
INT 0x15, AX = 0x0530 -- Detect APM BIOS
INT 0x15, AH = 0x5300 -- APM detect
INT 0x15, AX = 0x5303 -- APM connect using 32 bit
INT 0x15, AX = 0x5304 -- APM disconnect

INT 0x16, AH = 0 -- read keyboard scancode (blocking)
INT 0x16, AH = 1 -- read keyboard scancode (non-blocking)
INT 0x16, AH = 3 -- keyboard repeat rate